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Importance of oral hygiene for pets

Periodontal disease develops as a result of bacteria in the mouth and can lead to even more serious health problems if not addressed.  Initially the bacteria forms plaque that sticks to the surface of the teeth and minerals in the saliva harden the plaque (dental calculus or tarter).  Over time the dental calculus spreads and forms under the gum line which can then lead to damage of the tissue around the teeth and tooth loss.  The development of dental disease can be affected by genetics, tooth crowding, thin alveolar bone, age, diet, stress, concurrent disease, and oral hygiene.

Some of the symptoms of periodontal disease include;  bad breath, tarter buildup, thickening of tissues around the teeth, and redness around the gums.  Treatment involves the removal of bacterial plaque which may require professional dental cleaning, scaling, and polishing to resolve dental calculus and help the tissue to return to normal.  After the teeth are properly cleaned, a brushing schedule will need to be maintained to prevent this condition from returning.

Periodontitis requires more aggressive treatments such as root scaling to remove the plaque and smooth the root.  Antibiotics may be placed into the pockets of the gums during treatment and in severe cases, extraction of the tooth may be necessary.

Prevention of periodontal disease starts when the animal is young and includes a healthy diet and good, daily oral hygiene.  Raw bones and appropriate sized/hardness chew toys such as Nylabones and antlers will usually keep the teeth and gums clean and healthy when given on a daily basis.

 

 

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